Medically reviewed by Dr. Aykut Bayrak, MD, FACOG
Board-Certified Reproductive Endocrinologist & Medical Director, LA IVF Clinic (Los Angeles)
Many patients undergoing IVF wonder whether common over-the-counter (OTC) medications can interfere with fertility treatment outcomes. While pain relievers, cold medications, and allergy treatments may seem harmless, some can affect hormone balance, ovulation, implantation, or uterine receptivity during an IVF cycle.
At LA IVF Clinic in Los Angeles, Dr. Aykut Bayrak, MD, FACOG, regularly advises patients on which OTC medications should be avoided and which may be used safely during fertility treatment. This guide outlines commonly used OTC medications, explains potential risks during IVF, and highlights when it’s important to consult your fertility specialist before taking them.
Avoid These Medications
Some medications are safe to take before and even during pregnancy, but certain OTC medications may interfere with conception and reduce the chances of successful IVF. Some medications can affect uterine receptivity, while others may hinder ovulation or embryo implantation. Below are common OTC medications patients are generally advised to avoid during IVF unless otherwise directed by their physician.
Pain Medicine
Avoid taking NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) such as full-strength aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen sodium, including medications like Motrin, Advil, Aleve, and their generic counterparts.
It’s also important to note that NSAIDs in high doses may interfere with male fertility.
While occasional use may be acceptable, patients trying to conceive should avoid regular or prolonged NSAID use unless specifically approved by their fertility specialist.
Cold / Allergy Medications
Unless symptoms are severe and approved by your doctor, avoid medications containing antihistamines, decongestants, or allergy medications such as Allegra, Claritin, and Zyrtec during IVF treatment.
Heartburn, Nausea, and Vomiting
Nausea is a common side effect of fertility medications. If you experience nausea, heartburn, or vomiting, try eating smaller, more frequent meals and sipping ginger ale. Foods such as saltine crackers, ginger snaps, and hard candies like peppermint or lemon drops may also help.
Calcium carbonate–based OTC heartburn medications (such as Tums) are generally considered safe. However, avoid other OTC antacids unless approved by your doctor. While no known issues have been identified with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as Nexium, Prevacid, or Prilosec, patients should consult their fertility specialist before using them during IVF.
Constipation and Diarrhea
If constipation occurs during IVF, focus on fiber-rich foods such as apples, carrots, broccoli, kale, leafy greens, and whole grains like oatmeal. Adequate hydration is also essential. Non-chemical stool softeners such as Solace or Metamucil may provide relief when needed.
For diarrhea, maintain hydration and follow the B.R.A.T. diet — bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast. If symptoms persist, medications such as Kaopectate or Imodium may be used with your doctor’s approval.
These OTC Medications Are Fine with Doctor’s Approval
Many OTC medications may be used safely during IVF treatment when approved by your physician. Always follow dosing instructions and confirm with your fertility specialist before use.
- Pain Relievers: Acetaminophen (Tylenol), including regular or extra strength, is generally considered safe.
- Decongestants: Afrin nasal spray, saline nasal sprays, Sudafed, Benadryl, and Tylenol Cold may be used with medical approval. Always compare ingredient labels.
- Cough Suppressants: Robitussin DM and Vicks Formula 44 are commonly approved options.
- Hemorrhoids: Tucks, Anusol HC, and witch hazel may provide temporary relief.
- Yeast Infections: OTC treatments such as Monistat and Gynelotrimin may be used for symptom relief.
What About Supplements?
The FDA does not regulate many herbal supplements or vitamins. For this reason, supplements should generally be avoided during IVF unless specifically recommended by your fertility specialist. Some herbal supplements can trigger hormonal responses that may interfere with fertility treatment.
Supplements to avoid during IVF include:
- Black Cohosh
- Feverfew
- Goldenseal
- St. John’s Wort
- Garlic (in supplement form — dietary garlic is acceptable)
Taking too many or inappropriate supplements can be harmful. Patients concerned about vitamin or mineral intake should use supplements specifically formulated for individuals undergoing fertility treatment and only with physician guidance.
A Big Caution
Avoid all illicit drugs during IVF treatment, especially marijuana. Patients who smoke or ingest marijuana should inform their physician. A 2014 study in England confirmed that marijuana use may lead to changes in sperm shape and size.
Women who regularly use marijuana may experience disruptions in ovulation and egg maturation, according to a study published by the NIH in 2019.
We’re Here to Help
Medical Disclaimer:
This article is intended for educational purposes only and does not replace personalized medical advice. Medication recommendations during IVF may vary based on individual treatment protocols and medical history.
Have questions about medication use during IVF? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Bayrak at LA IVF Clinic to receive personalized guidance and ensure your treatment plan supports the best possible outcome.
