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Dilation and curettage (D and C or D&C) is a minor gynecological procedure commonly used to diagnose and treat abnormal bleeding from the uterus or to remove unhealthy tissue if a woman has a miscarriage. It can also be used to diagnose uterine cancer or precancerous cells (endometrial hyperplasia) by removing the endometrial cells for […]

Currently, with few exceptions, practitioners of assisted reproduction tend to attribute “unexplained and/or repeated” IVF failure(s), almost exclusively to poor embryo quality, advocating adjusted protocols for ovarian stimulation and/or gamete and embryo preparation as a potential remedy. The idea that having failed IVF, all that it takes to ultimately succeed is to keep trying over […]

Thrombophilias are inherited or acquired conditions, which predispose an individual to thromboembolism (blood clots). This is due to an imbalance between certain blood clotting factors and anti-clotting proteins in the blood. As many as one in five people in the United States is a carrier of a type of thrombophilia. There is limited information in […]

I am excited to announce the birth of the first baby in Southern California early this week as a result of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) using a genetically tested and frozen egg by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) (See the announcement at www.prnewswire.com) After treating the first CGH cases in Southern California with IVF for infertility, I […]

We frequently treat patients who are either out of state or country at our IVF centers. We are very accustomed to working closely with these couples/patients so that in spite of distance, we are able to provide them with optimal treatment. We achieve this through a system that involves working closely with the couple/patient’s local […]

There has been confusion over the years about testing for clotting disorders in infertility patients, especially those undergoing IVF treatment. Routine testing for these disorders is not recommended as a part of the initial work up for infertility and prior to or during pregnancy. Unfortunately, there have been overutilization and overinterpretation of these tests (thrombophilia […]

Mini IVF refers to the use of non-injectible medications (mostly clomid) to mature 1-2 eggs for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Micro IVF is different from mini IVF because it involves the use of injectible FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) to induce mature and multiple eggs (5 eggs on average). Although they have been used interchangeably, mini […]

Embryo transfer (ET) is the last, but one of the most important steps of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF). ET is performed 3 or 5 days following the day of egg retrieval. On the first day after egg retrieval (Day 1), fertilization is confirmed under the microscope by the presence of “two pronuclei” (2-PN). Then, embryos are […]

Embryo marker tests have been developed over the years in IVF practices to identify the best embryos for transfer into the uterus, but no test has been found to be 100% reliable. Conventional approach in selecting the better quality embryos still relies on the appearance of the embryos under the microscope by paying attention to […]

The diagnosis of cervical incompetence is usually suspected on the basis of the following history: Second trimester miscarriage or premature birth, in which both bleeding and painful contractions are minimal No prior warning symptoms or signs in most cases Where the bulging membranes often breaks followed by a sudden gush of water per vagina that […]